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Types of information

When evaluating information, it’s important to recognise the type of information you are dealing with. Different types serve different purposes—some help explain ideas, others offer instructions, present facts, or guide decisions. By understanding these distinctions, we become better equipped to assess the reliability and intent behind what we read or hear—especially when it comes to complex issues like climate change. Disinformation often misuses or manipulates these types of information to spread confusion or doubt. In this section, we use a classification developed by Robert Horn to explore common information types and show how they apply to climate communication.